Inclusive User Groups Explained
Inclusive User Groups help software engineers think beyond the 'average user.' They structure diversity into design, making equity and accessibility part of the workflow from the very beginning.
Introduction
When we design software only for the “average user,” we leave many people behind. Real users differ in their abilities, resources, and backgrounds. Some rely on assistive technologies, some live with unstable internet, and others face cultural or language barriers.
Inclusive User Groups give students a way to capture this diversity in a structured way. They help you think about equity, privilege, and accessibility in practical terms — and then turn those reflections into design actions.
This article explains what each section of the template means, how to use it in projects, and includes a worked example.
The Inclusive User Groups Template
How to Use the Template in Figma
We’ve prepared a digital version of the template so you can use it directly in workshops or assignments.
👉 Open the Inclusive User Groups Template in Figma
What Each Section Means
User Group Data
Start with facts about the group (age, abilities, background, financial safety). Base everything on sources, not stereotypes.
Wheel of Power
Reflect on privileges this group has or lacks — such as access to resources, technical expertise, or influence on decisions.
Role
Describe the group’s role in relation to the product (e.g., daily users, testers, decision-makers).
Needs & Pains
Identify barriers they face — lack of access, poor usability, or missing features.
Gains
Note positive outcomes they could achieve if the design works well for them.
User Story
Summarize as: ‘As a [role], I want [needs/pains], so that [gains].’
Step-by-Step Tutorial
Step 1 — Choose a group
Pick a user group relevant to your project, or create a new one.
Step 2 — Fill in data
Use real sources where possible. Avoid assumptions and stereotypes.
Step 3 — Reflect on privilege
Check the Wheel of Power and ask: where is this group advantaged or disadvantaged?
Step 4 — Map role, needs, and gains
Write down their role in the system, what they need, and what value they can gain.
Step 5 — Create a user story
Turn the insights into a simple, actionable story to guide design.
Example: Applying Inclusive User Groups to a Learning App
Imagine you are designing a mobile app for online learning. You pick three Inclusive User Groups to guide your design.
Step 1 — Choose groups
Low-bandwidth learners
Students in rural areas with unstable internet.
Screen reader users
Learners who rely on assistive technology.
First-generation students
Learners with limited financial safety and less access to mentoring.
Step 2 — Fill the groups
| Group | Needs | Barriers | Gains | User Story |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-bandwidth learners | Efficient streaming, offline access. | High data use, app crashes on weak signals. | Affordable learning even with limited internet. | As a learner with poor internet, I want offline access so I can keep up with classes. |
| Screen reader users | Accessible labels, text alternatives. | Unlabeled buttons, inaccessible math articles. | Equal access to articles and tasks. | As a blind learner, I want clear screen reader labels so I can navigate lessons independently. |
| First-generation students | Clear guidance, affordable resources. | Complex instructions, high costs. | Confidence and progress without hidden obstacles. | As a first-generation student, I want simple, affordable access so I can complete my studies successfully. |
Step 3 — Translate to actions
Offline-first design
Lessons downloadable under 20 MB with sync on Wi-Fi.
Accessibility by default
All interactive elements labeled and tested with screen readers.
Affordable access
Provide a free tier or low-cost options for first-generation students.
Conclusion
Inclusive User Groups help you design with equity in mind. They connect user diversity, privilege reflection, and accessibility into a clear workflow.
By adding this tool to your design process, you can move from broad ideals of inclusion to specific design choices that make software fairer and more usable for everyone.
References
Friesinger, E. (2023). Introducing ‘Conscious’ Service Design: Redesigned methods to address environmental and societal issues. Touchpoint, 14(3), 55–60. DOI: 10.30819/touchpoint.14-3.11
Zielińska, M. (2025). Master’s Thesis. Integrating Social and Environmental Sustainability in Software Product Development.